The VDial shown here has several attractive characteristics for the
builder. It uses straight pieces for the time scale and gnomon and forms an equilateral
triangle, which means the shape can be easily aligned. The radius for the
circular date wire is made exactly half the length of the side of the V. The date wire circle,
therefore, intersects the time scale at exactly half way up each side. This is also
at a point 2 hours from the vertex time and 4 from the tip of the V. One quarter
of the way down, half the distance from the date wire intersection to the tip of
the time scale, is exactly 2 hours before the time at the tip. But, the other hour and
half hour marks must be made by bisecting the angles as described in the previous
discussion. They can not be marked by simply dividing the time scale. Interestingly, the
distance from the date shadow wire to the gnomon doesn't even have to be known.
By design, the time and date scales are completely independent. The time scale
compensates for the solar to clock discrepancy by tilting the whole structure through
the use of the bent wire support. First observe that this design covers a span of
12 hours over 180° unlike the CDial and ODial which covered the 12 hours in
a 360° scale. The VDial is essentially a regular sundial with the gnomon at the
center, except the sides are straight. Because of this, one hour is covered each 15°.
With a tilt range of 15°, the time adjust range is one hour, or plus
and minus one half hour. Like the CDial and ODial, there is not an inherent paralax
problem because the time scale is essentially rotated and the gnomon is always in the
center of the structure.
Incidentally, the width of the V shaped
time scale is of no importance, nor are the wire sizes. Choose whatever is available and
gives good shadows. Finally, it is only the shadows on the time scale and the straight date
wire that are important. Shadows on the plot should be avoided by choice of colors.
The wire support that gives the 15° tilt is basically straight forward. When
pushed to one side the slope will be zero. Completely to the other side and on the
slope is then shifted 15°. Since it is to be centered, this is really +7.5°
and -7.5° and only half of this range is needed for the 16 and 14 minute
correction. The details are not so simple, if calculated. The actual tilt versus
position has been calculated at
~Tilt vs Position~
The operational distance of the tilt is fixed by the one side of the date circle
moving along the 15° bend. The fixed time and date dimensional relationships
determine the analemma plot aspect ratio, and only the scale has to be adjusted for the
size of the particular V time scale.
The 15° support could also have bent upward, with a time scale reversal,
but the downward bend was chosen to avoid an undesired shadow.